mystacinus, Serranus Poey [F.] 1852:52, 59, Pl. 10 (fig. 1) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 1; ref. 3497] Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 9991. Paratypes: MCZ 10009 (1) Type catalog: Howell Rivero 1938:190 [ref. 22926] with a holotype. Published April 1852. Records from Japan are based on E. octofasciatus -- (Heemstra et al. 2003:1345 [ref. 27060]). •Valid as Epinephelus mystacinus (Poey 1852) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:172 [ref. 19754], Katayama in Masuda et al. 1984:132 [ref. 6441], Robins & Ray 1986:134 [ref. 23100], Bullock & Smith 1991:114 [ref. 36591], Cervigón 1991:333 [ref. 24472], Cervigón 1992:429 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:200 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:27 [ref. 25512], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:321 [ref. 24023], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:209 [ref. 25013], Lopes et al. 2000:87 [ref. 40244], Collette et al. 2003:107 [ref. 26784], Heemstra et al. 2003:1345 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:76 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:148 [ref. 28815], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:191 [ref. 30957] as mysticinus). •Valid as Hyporthodus mystacinus (Poey 1852) -- (Craig & Hastings 2007:17 [ref. 29046], Craig et al. 2011:274 [ref. 31786], Kumar et al. 2012:115 [ref. 32541], Page et al. 2013:130 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:40 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34324], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Sánchez-Jiménez et al. 2018:7 [ref. 36248], Parenti & Randall 2020:85 [ref. 37354], Grove et al. 2022:21 [ref. 41326], Carvalho-Filho 2023:119 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:196 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hyporthodus mystacinus (Poey 1852). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Espirito Santo (Brazil); eastern Pacific: Ecuador, Cocos Island (Costa Rica), Paramount Seamount, Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.