chionaraia, Serranus Robins [C. R.] & Starck [W. A., II] 1961:270, Fig. 1c [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 113 (no. 11); ref. 3789] 2.5 miles south-southwest of Alligator Reef Light, Monroe County, Florida, U.S.A., depth 150 feet. Holotype: ANSP 93808. Paratypes: FMNH 64994 (1); UF 207803 [ex UMML 7803] (1); USNM 108389 (1), 150115 (1), 191120 [ex UMML 7044] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:154 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:79 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Serranus chionaraia Robins & Starck 1961 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:138 [ref. 23100], Rojas M. & Pequeño 2001:166 [ref. 25813], Heemstra et al. 2003:1327 [ref. 27060], Nelson et al. 2004:129 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:186 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:133 [ref. 32708], Carvalho-Filho & Ferreira 2013:809 [ref. 33030], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:43 [ref. 33341], Iwamoto & Wirtz 2018:35 [ref 36189], Parenti & Randall 2020:124 [ref. 37354], Carvalho-Filho 2023:126 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Serranus chionaraia Robins & Starck 1961. Serranidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida Keys (U.S.A.) south to Bahia (Brazil), including Caribbean Sea Habitat: marine.