borealis, Sphyraena DeKay [J. E.] 1842:39, Pl. 60 (fig. 196) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] New York harbor, New York, U.S.A. Holotype or syntypes: New York State coll. (whereabouts unknown). •Valid as Sphyraena borealis DeKay 1842 -- (Robins & Ray 1986:214 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:401 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:155 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:153 [ref. 23239], Murdy et al. 1997:189 [ref. 23144], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:323 [ref. 25013], Rountree in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:506 [ref. 26158], Russell 2003:1810 [ref. 27114], Nelson et al. 2004:175 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:750 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:82 [ref. 33341], Ballen 2019:402 [ref. 37027], Robertson et al. 2020:163 [ref. 38098], Caires et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:368 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:202 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:127 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sphyraena borealis DeKay 1842. Sphyraenidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda and Florida (U.S.A.) south to northern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2015): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.