atlanticum, Melanostigma Koefoed [E.] 1952:19, Pl. 2 (fig. D) [Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910 v. 4 (pt 2, no. 2); ref. 2652] North Atlantic, 57°41'N, 11°48'W, station 101, 2500 meters wire out. Holotype: ZMUB 4482. Type catalog: Frøiland 1979:150 [ref. 21547]. •Valid as Melanostigma atlanticum Koefoed 1952 -- (Andriashev 1973:547 [ref. 9214], Andriashev in Whitehead et al. 1986:1148 [ref. 13677], Robins & Ray 1986:236 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:414 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:165 [ref. 14674], Anderson & Almeida 1990:888 [ref. 19328], Anderson 1994:119 [ref. 21438], Koyanagi in Okamura et al. 1995:206 [ref. 22531], Klein-MacPhee & Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:468 [ref. 26158], Moore et al. 2003:229 [ref. 27076], Anderson & Fedorov 2004:8 [ref. 27603], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:31 [ref. 36649], Møller et al. 2010:64 [ref. 31169], Balushkin et al. 2011:969 [ref. 32449], Page et al. 2013:163 [ref. 32708], Afonso et al. 2016:68, 222 [ref. 36199], Anderson in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2760 [ref. 34618], Balushkin & Moganova 2017:131 [ref. 35279], Balushkin & Orlovskaya 2019:135 [ref. 36664], Carneiro et al. 2019:288 [ref. 37250], Orlovskaya & Balushkin 2019:505 [ref. 37050], Kovačić et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37519], Kovačić et al. 2021:84 [ref. 39014]). Current status: Valid as Melanostigma atlanticum Koefoed 1952. Zoarcidae: Gymnelinae. Distribution: Western Mediterranean Sea; northeastern Atlantic: Scotland south to Western Sahara, including Azores and Madeira; northwestern Atlantic: Newfoundland (Canada) to southeastern U.S.A. IUCN (2015): LC. Habitat: marine.