coeruleus, Acanthurus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:214 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Carolinas, U.S.A.; Havana, Cuba; Jamaica. Syntypes: Not preserved. Based on the 'Turdus rhomboides' of Catesby 1743:10, pl. 10 (upper fig.) [ref. 774], the 'Barbero' of Parra 1787:45, pl. 21 (fig. 2) [ref. 6840], and the 'Teuthis fusca cœruleo nitens' of Browne 1789:454 [ref. 69]. •Valid as Acanthurus coeruleus Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Randall 1956:221 [ref. 12221], Robins & Ray 1986:256 [ref. 23100], Desoutter 1990:963 [ref. 18967], Boschung 1992:166 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:252 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:216 [ref. 24488], Aguilera 1998:52 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:321 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:168 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1646 [ref. 25634], Rocha & Rosa 2001:992 [ref. 25909], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:66 [ref. 26232], Rocha et al. 2002:244 [ref. 25914], Smith-Vaniz et al. 2002:104 [ref. 26570], Collette et al. 2003:125 [ref. 26784], Randall 2003:1805 [ref. 27098], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:101 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:67 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:744 [ref. 28815], Bernal & Rocha 2011:63 [ref. 31336], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:81 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:10 [ref. 33516], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Triay-Portella et al. 2015:169 [ref. 36561], Rocha in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2862 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34961], Spier et al. 2018:16 [ref. 36103], Brown et al. 2019:180 [ref. 36444], Robertson et al. 2020:150 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:662 [ref. 38945], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38844], Golani 2021:80 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:58 [ref. 39014], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:244 [ref. 40480] as aff. coeruleus, Hoff et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:163 [ref. 40505], Silva et al. 2024:4 [ref. 41512]). Current status: Valid as Acanthurus coeruleus Bloch & Schneider 1801. Acanthuridae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New Brunswick (Canada) and Bermuda south to southern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and Fernando de Noronha (Brazil); southern central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands. Invasive at Canary Islands and in Mediterranean Sea. IUCN (2012): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.
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