pacificus, Lobotes Gilbert [C. H.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2857 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Panama (Pacific). Holotype: CAS-SU 5883. Paratypes: BMNH 1903.5.15.60-61 (2), CAS-SU 6999 (3, missing). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:76-77 [ref. 12291]. Author is C. H. Gilbert. Holotype figured in Gilbert & Starks 1904, Pl. 14 (fig. 28) [ref. 1639]. •Synonym of Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch 1790) -- (Tortonese 1990:780 [ref. 18658], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:307 [ref. 24550], Mundy 2005:385 [ref. 28379] but possibly valid). •Valid as Lobotes pacificus Gilbert 1898 -- (Heemstra in Fischer et al. 1995:1226 [ref. 22830], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:348 [ref. 24555], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:257 [ref. 25013] with question, Lea & Rosenblatt 2000:123 [ref. 25206], Nelson et al. 2004:143 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:122 [ref. 37547], Randall 2007:254 [ref. 30952], Page et al. 2013:147 [ref. 32708], Kottelat 2013:345 [ref. 32989], Palacios-Salgado et al. 2014:237 [ref. 36362], Fourriére et al. 2016:458 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:609 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:244 [ref. 35888], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:160 [ref. 39279], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:415 [ref. 40816]). •Valid as Lobotes pacifica Gilbert 1898 -- (Mossbrucker et al. 2023:5 [ref. 41369], Page et al. 2023:161 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lobotes pacifica Gilbert 1898. Lobotidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Peru, including Gulf of California (Mexico), Guadalupe Island and Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico), Cocos Island (Costa Rica) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). IUCN (2010): Least Concern (as Lobotes pacificus). Habitat: marine.