altifrons, Geophagus Heckel [J. J.] 1840:385, Pl. 29 (figs. 21-25) [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2; ref. 2064] Manaus, Brazil. Syntypes: NMW 17007-08 (2). •Synonym of Geophagus surinamensis (Bloch 1791) -- (Gosse 1976:25 [ref. 7029]). •Valid as Geophagus altifrons Heckel 1840 -- (Kullander in Reis et al. 2003:632 [ref. 27061], López-Fernández & Taphorn 2004:3 [ref. 27573], Staeck & Schindler 2006:74 [ref. 28755], Lucinda et al. 2010:42 [ref. 30771], Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], Barriga Salazar 2014:118 [ref. 35745] as cf. altifrons, Deprá et al. 2014:745 [ref. 33631], Silvano et al. 2020:349 [ref. 38134], Ximenes et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38836], Koerber et al. 2022:71 [ref. 39235], Chuctaya et al. 2022:12 [ref. 39723]). Current status: Valid as Geophagus altifrons Heckel 1840. Cichlidae: Cichlinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador); introduced in Singapore. Habitat: freshwater.