regalis, Johnius Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:75 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8700 (stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:128 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Cynoscion regalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Chao 1978:36 [ref. 6983], Smith 1986:433 [ref. 22186], Robins & Ray 1986:189 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:391 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:151 [ref. 14674], Murdy et al. 1997:201 [ref. 23144], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:436 [ref. 26158], Chao 2002:9 [ref. 26250], Anderson & Stephens 2002:327 [ref. 26596], Chao 2003:1613 [ref. 27097], Nelson et al. 2004:147 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:423 [ref. 28815], García-Hernández et al. 2009:93 [ref. 37265], Page et al. 2013:151 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:179 [ref. 32953], Béarez et al. 2016:245 [ref. 34817], Bañón et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35097], Robins et al. 2018:436 [ref. 35886], Martins & Carneiro 2018:164 [ref. 36550], Carneiro et al. 2019:275 [ref. 37250], Parenti 2020:15 [ref. 37439], Bañón & Maño 2021:88 [ref. 38887], Page et al. 2023:209 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cynoscion regalis (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Sciaenidae. Distribution: Northwestern Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) south to Florida (U.S.A.), and Gulf of Mexico. Introduced in Portugal and Spain. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.