furcifer, Serranus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:264 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-0131. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:28 [ref. 19232]. •Valid as Cephalopholis furcifer (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Page et al. 2013:131 [ref. 32708], Ma & Craig 2018:454 [ref. 36100], Carvalho-Filho 2023:114 [ref. 40480]). •Valid as Paranthias furcifer (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:136 [ref. 23100], Smith 1990:702 [ref. 18227], Bullock & Smith 1991:152 [ref. 36591], Heemstra 1991:57 [ref. 19323], Cervigón 1991:354 [ref. 24472], Boschung 1992:109 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:433 [ref. 23827], Heemstra & Randall 1993:284 [ref. 21042], Grace et al. 1994:44 [ref. 25512], Evseenko 1996:727 [ref. 24666] as fuscifer, Grove & Lavenberg 1997:329 [ref. 24023], Aguilera 1998:48 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:216 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:72 [ref. 25466], Thomson et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25640], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:157 [ref. 27754], Bostrom et al. 2002:655 [ref. 26722], Collette et al. 2003:107 [ref. 26784], Heemstra et al. 2003:1362 [ref. 27060], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:77 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:129 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:172 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:30 [ref. 30263], Craig et al. 2011:328 [ref. 31786], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:171 [ref. 32953], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:42 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:6 [ref. 33516], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:149 [ref. 37485], Pinheiro et al. 2015:14 [ref. 34324], Triay-Portella et al. 2015:165 [ref. 36561], Heemstra & Anderson in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2401 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:145 [ref. 34961], Almeida & Alves 2019:272 [ref. 37509], Reiner 2019:174 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:137 [ref. 37515], Evans et al. 2020:490 [ref. 37995] as Paranthias cf. furcifer, Kovačić et al. 2020:41 [ref. 37519], Parenti & Randall 2020:91 [ref. 37354], Robertson et al. 2020:162 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:529 [ref. 38945], González-Lorenzo et al. 2021:148 [ref. 38374], Kovačić et al. 2021:78 [ref. 39014], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:71 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:288 [ref. 39448], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463]). Current status: Valid as Paranthias furcifer (Valenciennes 1828). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermuda and Florida (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and eastern and southern Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension Island; eastern Atlantic: Gabon, Annobón (Equatorial Guinea), and São Tomé and Principe. Invasive at Canary Islands (Spain), Croatia and in Lebanon. Habitat: marine.
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