signifer, Emblemaria Ginsburg [I.] 1942:367 [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 32 (no. 12); ref. 13203] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Holotype: USNM 119877. Paratypes: USNM 83144 (1). Type catalog: Springer & Orrell 1996:10 [ref. 22274]. The name signifer is a noun and should not be declined (on J. Williams email, 4/14/09). •Valid as Pseudemblemaria signifer (Ginsburg 1942) -- (Stephens 1963:67 [ref. 4270]). •Valid as Emblemariopsis signifer (Ginsburg 1942) [often seen as signifera] -- (Greenfield & Johnson 1981:65 [ref. 5580], Tyler & Tyler 1997:25 [ref. 22715], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909] as cf. signifera, Williams 2003:1767 [ref. 27109], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:96 [ref. 27192], Tyler & Hastings 2004:58 [ref. 27611], Smith et al. 2003:55 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:166 [ref. 27807], Patzner et al. 2009:470 [ref. 30396] as signifera, Victor 2010:2 [ref. 31107], Page et al. 2013:172 [ref. 32708], Pinheiro et al. 2015:29 [ref. 34324], Victor 2020:57 [ref. 38038], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:292 [ref. 38945] as signifera, Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463] as signifera, Carvalho-Filho 2023:227 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Emblemariopsis signifer (Ginsburg 1942). Chaenopsidae. Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic: Maranhão to Santa Catarina (Brazil) endemic, including offshore islands. Habitat: marine.