caerulea, Etheostoma Storer [D. H.] 1845:47 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18834] Fox River, Illinois, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MCZ 32949. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:24 [ref. 20211]. •Valid as Etheostoma caeruleum Storer 1845 -- (Lee et al. 1980:631 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:131 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:133 [ref. 22189], Smith 1986:321 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:412 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:143 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:313 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:116 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:473 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:871 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:296 [ref. 23376], Wood 1996:300 [ref. 22394], Mettee et al. 1996:597 [ref. 25836], Scott & Crossman 1998:780 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:379 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:45 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:460 [ref. 25978], Ceas & Burr 2002:213 [ref. 26533], Bailey et al. 2004:191 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:132 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:516 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:23 [ref. 30399] with remarks, Page & Burr 2011:576 [ref. 31215], Suttkus et al. 2012:18 [ref. 32288], Page et al. 2013:136 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:320 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:198 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Etheostoma caeruleum Storer 1845. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.