pachygaster, Tetrodon (Cheilichthys) Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.] in Schomburgk 1848:677 [20] [The history of Barbados; comprising a geographical description of the island and an account of its geology and natural productions.; ref. 17812] Barbados, West Indies. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4290. Appeared first as above; reprinted in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1848:20. Original genus should have been spelled Tetraodon. •Valid as Liosaccus pachygaster (Müller & Troschel 1848) -- (Amaoka in Okamura et al. 1982:305, 410 [ref. 8256]). •Valid as Sphoeroides pachygaster (Müller & Troschel 1848) -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:476 [ref. 14275], Matsuura in Masuda et al. 1984:364 [ref. 6441], Matsuura in Okamura et al. 1985:641, 750 [ref. 8056], Robins & Ray 1986:308 [ref. 23100], Smith & Heemstra 1986:902 [ref. 5714], Edwards & Glass 1987:670 [ref. 9166], Scott & Scott 1988:568 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:77 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:245 [ref. 24556], McAllister 1990:227 [ref. 14674], Matsuura in Amaoka et al. 1990:334 [ref. 16024], Shipp 1990:1072 [ref. 19531], Boschung 1992:183 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:450 [ref. 23827], Arculeo et al. 1994:209 [ref. 22333], Golani 1996:30 [ref. 22271], Cervigón 1996:125 [ref. 24489], Matsuura & Tyler 1997:202 [ref. 23219], Shinohara et al. 1996:184 [ref. 26605], Santos et al. 1997:115 [ref. 23531], Lindberg et al. 1997:169 [ref. 23547], Arruda 1997:123 [ref. 24952], Bedini 1998:94 [ref. 24057], Savinykh & Balanov 1999:424 [ref. 24871], Díaz de Astarloa et al. 2000:401 [ref. 24427], Matsuura in Randall & Lim 2000:649 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1421 [ref. 25182], Hutchins 2001:48 [ref. 25847], Matsuura 2001:3957 [ref. 26317], Shinohara et al. 2001:337 [ref. 25995], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:158 [ref. 26753], Dulĉić 2002:133 [ref. 26085], Nakabo 2002:1421 [ref. 26193], Shipp 2003:2000 [ref. 27120], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S124 [ref. 27377], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:110 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S34 [ref. 28536], Nelson et al. 2004:185 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:65 [ref. 37112], Mendiola 2005:6 [ref. 28208], Shinohara et al. 2005:444 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:536 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:926 [ref. 28815], Hoese et al. 2006:1925 [ref. 29099], Fricke et al. 2007:118 [ref. 29533], Randall 2007:495 [ref. 30952], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:76 [ref. 36649], Motomura et al. 2010:238 [ref. 31256], Bañón & Santás 2011:1574 [ref. 31248], Shinohara et al. 2011:58 [ref. 31715], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Di Dario et al. 2013:264 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:191 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:137 [ref. 32972], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Shinohara et al. 2014:279 [ref. 33330], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:88 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:12 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:552 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:119 [ref. 36167], Lins Oliveira et al. 2015:191 [ref. 37485], Stewart & Roberts 2015:1739 [ref. 34322], Matsuura in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:3073 [ref. 34618], Koeda et al. 2016:115 [ref. 35333], Nión et al. 2016:56 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:389 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:184 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:225 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:102 [ref. 36864], Iglésias et al. 2019:282 [ref. 37098], Ribeiro et al. 2019:9 [ref. 36717], Bariche & Fricke 2020:151 [ref. 37515], Kara et al. 2020:56 [ref. 37896], Kim et al. 2020:203 [ref. 39118], Kovačić et al. 2020:35 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:624 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:131 [ref. 37637], Ergüden et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38893], Golani 2021:89 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:63 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:307 [ref. 39448], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:305 [ref. 41223], Matsuura 2022:472 [ref. 40261], Ramachandran et al. 2022:567 [ref. 39560], Araujo et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40392], Carvalho-Filho 2023:285 [ref. 40480], Devi et al. 2023:448 [ref. 40401], Hunt et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40687], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:117 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:169 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sphoeroides pachygaster (Müller & Troschel 1848). Tetraodontidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Japan). Habitat: marine.