rubus, Raia Bloch [M. E.] 1784:67, Pl. 84 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] Coast of America, western North Atlantic. Syntypes: ZMB 4591 (2), 33075 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:122 [ref. 24282]. On p. 62 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 3 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Raja rubus Bloch 1784 -- (Herrera 1896:14 [ref. 39336] with genus as Raia and author as Linnaeus). •Synonym of Raja clavata Linnaeus 1758 -- (Stehmann 1973:59 [ref. 7168]). •Synonym of Malacoraja clavata (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dyldin 2015:71 [ref. 34524]). Current status: Synonym of Raja clavata Linnaeus 1758. Rajidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.