polylepis, Trygon Bleeker [P.] 1852:73 [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 24 (art. 12); ref. 333] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 7452. •Synonym of Dasyatis imbricata (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Dor 1984:17 [ref. 29757]). •A senior synonym of Himantura chaophraya Monkolprasit & Roberts 1991 -- (Last & Manjaji-Matsumo 2008:289 [ref. 29694] = valid as Himantura polylepis (Bleeker 1852)), Last el al. 2010:208 [ref. 32461]. •Valid as Himantura polylepis (Bleeker 1852) -- (Kottelat 2013:26 [ref. 32989], Weigmann 2016:136 [ref. 34211]). •Valid as Urogymnus polylepis (Bleeker 1852) -- (Last et al. 2016:363 [ref. 34581], Last et al. 2016:174 [ref. 34634], Iqbal & Yustian 2016:333 [ref. 34942], Last et al. 2016:618 [ref. 35010], Iqbal et al. 2017:84 [ref. 35489], Windusari et al. 2019:337 [ref. 37369] as cf. polylepis, Iqbal et al. 2019:371 [ref. 37370] as cf. polylepis, Psomadakis et al. 2020:211 [ref. 37272], Sen et al. 2020:91 [ref. 37564], Haque et al. 2021:215 [ref. 38677], Taki et al. 2021:37 [ref. 39830], Manjaji-Matsumoto et al. 2022:615 [ref. 39674], Sen et al. 2022:[2] [ref. 39737], Allen & Erdmann 2024:70 [ref. 40796]). Current status: Valid as Urogymnus polylepis (Bleeker 1852). Dasyatidae: Urogymninae. Distribution: South Asia and Southeast Asia: India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.