gymnogenys, Astyanax Eigenmann [C. H.] 1911:179, Pl. 9 [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 8 (no. 1) (art. 3); ref. 1226] Porto União, middle Rio Iguaçu, Brazil. Holotype: FMNH 54707 [ex CM 3350]. Paratype: FMNH 54708 (1). Type catalog: Henn 1928:61 [ref. 12305], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:13 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Astyanax gymnogenys Eigenmann 1911 -- (Gómez & Chebez 1996:50 [ref. 23791], Azpelicueta et al. 2002:1052 [ref. 26511], López et al. 2002:59 [ref. 26808], Almirón et al. 2002:8 [ref. 26720], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:110 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:23 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:332 [ref. 27401], Azpelicueta et al. 2003:11 [ref. 27696], Mirande et al. 2004:220 [ref. 27659], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Miquelarena & Menni 2005:669 [ref. 28391], Vera Alcaraz et al. 2009:189 [ref. 30252], Pavanelli & Oliveira 2009:569 [ref. 30986], Garavello & Sampaio 2010:851 [ref. 31053], Mirande & Koerber 2015:23 [ref. 35117], da Graça et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35556], Oliveira et al. 2017:179 [ref. 35587], Oliveira et al. 2019:231 [ref. 36953]). •Valid as Psalidodon gymnogenys (Eigenmann 1911) -- (Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Reis et al. 2020:460 [ref. 38364], Terán et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37440], Zanata et al. 2024:261 [ref. 40718]). Current status: Valid as Psalidodon gymnogenys (Eigenmann 1911). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: middle and lower Iguaçu River basin, Paraná and Santa Catarina (Brazil and Argentina). Habitat: freshwater.