rubrofuscus, Cyprinus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:490, 530, Pl. 16 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] China. No types known. Originally as rubro-fuscus, corection mandatory. See Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831] for remarks on systematics and nomenclature. •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 -- (Zheng et al. 1989:232 [ref. 21202], Wu & Wu 1992:516 [ref. 21205], Luo & Yue in Yue 2000:411 [ref. 25272], Barus et al. in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:85 [ref. 25856]). •Synonym of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Chen & Huang 1977:413 [ref. 8497], Zhou in Chu & Chen 1989:337 [ref. 13584], Zhu 1995:98 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803 -- (Kottelat 2001:22 [ref. 25482], Kottelat 2001:45 [ref. 25780], Naseka & Bogutskaya 2004:282 [ref. 27838], Kottelat 2006:30 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:33 [ref. 28933], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:321 [ref. 30085], Kottelat & Leisher 2012:240 [ref. 32277], Kottelat 2013:96 [ref. 32989], Miesen et al. 2016:82 [ref. 34492] as cf. rubrofuscus, Dyldin & Orlov 2016:658 [ref. 34853], Dyldin et al. 2021:20 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:64 [ref. 38158], Fu et al. 2021:9571 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:153 [ref. 39830], Dyldin et al. 2023:[12] [ref. 40328] with question, Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:30 [ref. 40667], Çiçek et al. 2024:145 [ref. 40789], Fricke et al. 2024:162 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacepède 1803. Cyprinidae: Cyprininae. Distribution: East Asia: China and Russia. Introduced elsewhere, also as ornamental carp varieties. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.