erythrostigma, Hemigrammus Fowler [H. W.] 1943:33, Fig. [The Fish Culturist v. 22 (no. 5); ref. 17878] Probably border area between Peru and Brazil. Holotype (unique): ANSP 70208. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:45 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma (Fowler 1943) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:234 [ref. 22743] with comment on type locality, Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:167 [ref. 24507], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:87 [ref. 28297], Miquelarena & López 2006:824 [ref. 29070], Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], Hein 2009:3 [ref. 30362], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], García-Alzate et al. 2015:223 [ref. 33855], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35633], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). •Valid as Megalamphodus erythrostigma (Fowler 1943) -- (Melo et al. 2024:21 [ref. 41541]). Current status: Valid as Megalamphodus erythrostigma (Fowler 1943). Acestrorhamphidae: Megalamphodinae. Distribution: South America: upper Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.