cotinho, Moenkhausia Eigenmann [C. H.] 1908:104 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Probably surroundings of Manaus, Pará, Brazil. Lectotype: MCZ 21070. Paralectotypes: MCZ 174214 (2) [ex MCZ 21070]. Lectotype selected by Mathubara & Toledo-Piza 2020:12 [ref. 37778]. •Valid as Moenkhausia cotinho Eigenmann 1908 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:9 [ref. 9708], Taphorn 1992:221 [ref. 23654], Lima & Toledo-Piza 2001:1062 [ref. 25823], Benine 2002:292 [ref. 26541], Benine in Reis et al. 2003:146 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2006:11 [ref. 29010], Benine et al. 2007:262 [ref. 29279], Benine et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30250], Sousa et al. 2010:262 [ref. 30863], Barriga Salazar 2014:108 [ref. 35745], Pastana & Dagosta 2014:395 [ref. 33384], Sarmiento et al. 2014:185 [ref. 35004], Dagosta et al. 2015:424 [ref. 33998], Ohara & Marinho 2016:[6] 42 [ref. 34383] as cf. cotinho, Azevedo-Santos & Benine 2016:208 [ref. 34837], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633], see DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[10] [ref. 35679], Soares et al. 2019:237 [ref. 36688], Careaga et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37774], Mathubara & Toledo-Piza 2020:1 [ref. 37766], Mathubara & Toledo-Piza 2020:3 [ref. 37778], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:19 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39235], Marinho & Benine 2024:226 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Moenkhausia cotinho Eigenmann 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins and rivers in Guyana (regions: upper Xingu, Iriri, Lower Xingu, Teles Pires, Juruena, Tapajós, Jamanxim, Guaporé, middle-lower Madeira, Madeira Shield tributaries, Purus, Negro, Branco, Urubu-Uatumã, Trombetas, Jari, Amazonas main channel, Essequibo, Lower Orinoco, Upper Orinoco) (Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela and Guyana). Habitat: freshwater.