dichrourus, Tetragonopterus Kner [R.] 1858:80 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 30 (no. 13); ref. 13404] Brazil. Syntypes: NMW 56219 (4), 57593 (2). •Valid as Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner 1858) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:9 [ref. 9708], Taphorn 1992:272 [ref. 23654], Fernández & Butí 1996:253 [ref. 22775], Britski et al. 1999:34 [ref. 24147], see Gómez & Chebez 1996:50 [ref. 23791], Lasso et al. 2001:96 [ref. 25928], Britski & de Silimon 2001:119 [ref. 27195], Benine 2002:293 [ref. 26541], Benine in Reis et al. 2003:146 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27366], Benine et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27502], Menni 2004:78 [ref. 28131], Mirande 2010:507 [ref. 31006], Barriga Salazar 2014:108 [ref. 35745], Litz & Koerber 2014:16 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:185 [ref. 35004], Petrolli & Benine 2015:417 [ref. 33887], Mirande & Koerber 2015:27 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:414 [ref. 34561], Azevedo-Santos & Benine 2016:208 [ref. 34837], Melo et al. 2016:375 [ref. 35317], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565] with author without parentheses, Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:89 [ref. 35773], Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:19 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:34 [ref. 39235], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40760], Koerber et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40665], Taphorn et al. 2022:18 [ref. 41297], Limeira-Filho et al. 2024:5 [ref. 41573], Marinho & Benine 2024:226 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner 1858). Acestrorhamphidae: Stichonodontinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon, Paraguay and Orinoco River basins, and coastal rivers of northern Brazil (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.