immaculatus, Hemiodus Kner [R.] 1858:78 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 30 (no. 13); ref. 13404] Manaus, Brazil. Holotype: NMW 68641. Appeared in more detail in Kner 1859:157, Pl. 5 [ref. 2631]. •Valid as Hemiodopsis immaculatus (Kner 1858). •Valid as Hemiodus immaculatus Kner 1858 -- (Langeani in Reis et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27061], Langeani 2004:2 [ref. 27851], Langeani & Moreira 2013:1267 [ref. 32535], Sarmiento et al. 2014:186 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35633], Nogueira et al. 2019:801 [ref. 36655], Nogueira et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 38050], Silva et al. 2020:178 [ref. 37389], Silvano et al. 2020:138 [ref. 38133]). Current status: Valid as Hemiodus immaculatus Kner 1858. Hemiodontidae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins (Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.