pantherinus, Rhamphichthys Castelnau [F. L.] 1855:86, Pl. 46 (fig. 3) [Animaux nouveaux or rares v. 2; ref. 766] Lake near Río Ucayali, Peru. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3993. Type catalog: Bertin 1948:43 [ref. 19577], Ferraris et al. 2017:[28] [ref. 35236]. Günther 1875:5 [ref. 1995] serves as first reviser selecting pantherinus over marmoratus (see Ferraris et al. 2017:[28] [ref. 35236]). •Provisionally a synonym of Rhamphichthys marmoratus Castelnau 1855 -- (Triques 1999:1 [ref. 24281], Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:493 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Rhamphichthys pantherinus Castelnau 1855 -- (Mago-Leccia 1994:41 [ref. 21320], Chang & Ortega 1995:3 [ref. 24302], Albert 2001:124 [ref. 25614], Ferraris et al. 2017:[28] [ref. 35236], Silvano et al. 2020:199 [ref. 38135], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:21 [ref. 39298], Carvalho & Albert 2023:43 [ref. 40654], Koerber et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40665], Torgersen et al. 2023:780 [ref. 40692]). Current status: Valid as Rhamphichthys pantherinus Castelnau 1855. Rhamphichthyidae. Distribution: South America: upper Orinoco, Tocantins, Essequibo, and coastal northern River drainages of Brazil from the Turiaçu to Paranaiba River drainages, and western Amazon basin (Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Peru and Ecuador). Habitat: freshwater.