scardafa, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1837:fasc. 19, punt. 96, Pl. 111 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4893] Lakes Nemi, Ronciglione, Bracciano, Fogliano and others, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6211-70 (59), 17002 (1, dry); ?NMW 51827 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:90 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Lee et al. 1980:360 [ref. 22416], Lelek 1987:236 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies scardaga (Bonaparte 1837). •Probably a distinct species -- (Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:84 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727], Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:256 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:5 [ref. 31648], Bianco 2013:8 [ref. 32897], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius scardafa (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: central Italy endemic. Habitat: freshwater.