kutum, Leuciscus frisii var. Kamensky [S. N.] 1901:23 [German p. 154], Pl. 12 [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere. 2.; ref. 14761] Southern Caspian Sea and tributaries. Syntypes: ?ZMT, none at ZIN. •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Kazanskii 1928:13 [ref. 14268], Berg 1949:534 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:72 [ref. 37731], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702]). •Valid as Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Parin et al. 2014:91 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), subspecies caspius (Lönnberg 1900) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566]). •Questionably in the synonymy of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:69 [ref. 23589]). •Valid as Rutilus kutum (Kamensky 1901) -- (Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:81, 105 [ref. 37569], Kaya et al. 2020:328 [ref. 37582], Dyldin et al. 2023:[34] [ref. 40328]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus kutum (Kamensky 1901). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater.