splendens, Cynolebias Myers [G. S.] 1942:110 [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 3121] Water holes or ponds along base of Serra de Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Holotype: CAS-SU 36527. Paratypes: CAS-SU 36528 (3). Type catalog: Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:53 [ref. 12291]. Conserved over senior subjective synonym Cynopoecilus [as Gynopoecilus] sandrii Faria & Muller 1937 (Case 2792) and placed on Official List (Opinion 1762). •Synonym of Cynolebias sandrii (Faria & Muller 1937) -- (Costa & Lacerda 1988:129 [ref. 19183], Costa 1995:94 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Leptolebias splendens (Myers 1942) -- (Lazara 2001:195 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:383 [ref. 26544], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:531 [ref. 27061], Costa 2008:155 [ref. 29596], Ferrer et al. 2014:847 [ref. 33589]). •Valid as Leptopanchax splendens (Myers 1942) -- (Costa 2016:128 [ref. 34776], Costa 2019:82 [ref. 36869]). Current status: Valid as Leptopanchax splendens (Myers 1942). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Atlantic coastal river basins, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.