nigra, Etheostoma Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:169 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 3); ref. 7309] Green River, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:34 [ref. 20211]. Described as belonging to subgenus Aplesion, but listed as above. Also in Rafinesque 1820:37 [ref. 3592]. •Valid as Etheostoma nigrum Rafinesque 1820 -- (Lee et al. 1980:672 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:102 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:84 [ref. 22189], Chapleau & Pageau 1985 [ref. 14225], Smith 1986:330 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:429 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:144 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:291 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:119 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:510 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:846 [ref. 21581], Baxter & Stone 1995:246 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:305 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:226 [ref. 23394], Chereshnev 1996:606 [ref. 24659], Mettee et al. 1996:651 [ref. 25836], Scott & Crossman 1998:793 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:382 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:45 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:478 [ref. 25978], Bailey et al. 2004:196 [ref. 27882], Nelson et al. 2004:134 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:362 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:547 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:28 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:537 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies, Page et al. 2013:138 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:544 [ref. 33552], Bagley et al. 2023:321 [ref. 41241], MacGuigan et al. 2023:13 [ref. 40852], Page et al. 2023:200 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Etheostoma nigrum Rafinesque 1820. Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern Canada and northeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.