phoxocephalum, Etheostoma Nelson [E. W.] 1876:35 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3154] Illinois River and tributaries, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?UMMZ 187504 [ex IU 499 and IU 4702] (2). Type catalog: Collette & Knapp 1967:36 [ref. 20211], Sabaj et al. 1997:290 [ref. 23225]. •Valid as Percina phoxocephala (Nelson 1876) -- (Lee et al. 1980:737 [ref. 22416], Kuehne & Barbour 1983:33 [ref. 38055], Page 1983:35 [ref. 22189], Robison & Buchanan 1988:457 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:285 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:124 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:582 [ref. 22809], Stauffer et al. 1995:333 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:239 [ref. 23394], Turner et al. 1996:2023 [ref. 25532], Mettee et al. 1996:715 [ref. 25836], Lyons et al. 2000:46 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:510 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:392 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:591 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2008:39 [ref. 30399], Page & Burr 2011:527 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:141 [ref. 32708], Stephens et al. 2014:545 [ref. 33552], Bagley et al. 2023:322 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Percina phoxocephala (Nelson 1876). Percidae: Etheostomatinae. Distribution: North America: eastern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.