gymnothorax, Garra rufa Berg [L. S.] 1949:792, Figs. 4-5 [Trudy Instituta Zoologii/ Akademiia Nauk SSSR v. 8 (no. 4); ref. 12936] Tigris River, Iran. Syntypes: ZIN 13214-15 (6, 6+), plus additional specimen 24429 (1), 24435-36 (10, 3). •Synonym of Garra rufa (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1991:17 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:17 [ref. 23608], Esmaeili et al. 2010:369 [ref. 33391], Sayyadzadeh et al. 2015:85 [ref. 34042] and Garra cf. gymnothorax Berg 1949 on p. 86, Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:871 [ref. 34062]). •Valid as Garra gymnothorax Berg 1949 -- (Esmaeili et al. 2016:93 [ref. 34620], Esmaeili et al. 2017:46 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:26 [ref. 36089], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:71 [ref. 37983], Zamani-Faradonbe et al. 2021:267 [ref. 38079], Zamani-Faradonbe et al. 2021:385 [ref. 38714], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2022:433 [ref. 39728], Çiçek et al. 2024:117 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Garra gymnothorax Berg 1949. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae. Distribution: Middle East: Karun River system, Balarud River and Bashar River drainages (Iran). Habitat: freshwater.