carolinus, Priacanthus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:105 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 3; ref. 4879] Oualan, Caroline Islands, western Pacific. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0168. Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:84 [ref. 12478]. Redescribed in Lesson 1830:224 [ref. 2776]. •Synonym of Priacanthus cruentatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Hureau 1973:364 [ref. 7197], Hureau 1990:712 [ref. 17267]). •Synonym of Heteropriacanthus cruentatus (Lacepède 1801) -- (Starnes 1988:150 [ref. 6978], Fricke 1999:221 [ref. 24106], Mundy 2005:353 [ref. 28379]). •Valid as Heteropriacanthus carolinus (Cuvier 1829) -- (Fernandez-Silva & Ho 2017:343 [ref. 35348], Fricke et al. 2018:163 [ref. 35805], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Love et al. 2021:150 [ref. 39279], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:151 [ref. 41223], Grove et al. 2022:20 [ref. 41326], Page et al. 2023:204 [ref. 40505], Allen & Erdmann 2024:388 [ref. 40796]). Current status: Valid as Heteropriacanthus carolinus (Cuvier 1829). Priacanthidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific Ocean: South Africa and East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.); eastern Pacifi: southern California (U.S.A.) south to Panama, including Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.