alcedo, Sparus Risso [A.] 1810:258 [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Daget 1972:70 [ref. 20898], Bauchot 1974:990 [ref. 21548]. •Synonym of Spicara smaris (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Tortonese et al. 1973:418 [ref. 7202], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:911 [ref. 13676], Heemstra 1990:771 [ref. 18769], Golani 2005:45 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:50 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:372 [ref. 33547], Parenti 2019:56 [ref. 36892], Golani 2021:58 [ref. 38303]). Current status: Synonym of Spicara smaris (Linnaeus 1758). Sparidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.