orinocensis, Cichla Humboldt [F. H. A. von] in Humboldt & Valenciennes 1821:167, Pl. 45 (fig. 3) [Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland v. 2 (Title page 1833); ref. 5612] Río Orinoco and Río Negro. No types known. •Valid as Cichla orinocensis Humboldt 1821 -- (Lasso & Machado-Allison 2000:74 [ref. 27968], Machado-Allison et al. 2000:67 [ref. 26045], Nico 2001:142 [ref. 25828], Kullander in Reis et al. 2003:621 [ref. 27061], Kullander & Ferreira 2006:306 [ref. 28883], Reiss et al. 2012:61 [ref. 31910], Willis et al. 2012:18 [ref. 37399], Kottelat 2013:373 [ref. 32989], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:96 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:90 [ref. 35773], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:457 [ref. 40760]). Current status: Valid as Cichla orinocensis Humboldt 1821. Cichlidae: Cichlinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin and Orinoco River basin (Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela). Introduced in Malay Peninsula. Habitat: freshwater.