xanthocephalus, Chaetodon Bennett [E. T.] 1833:182 [Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London 1832 (pt 2); ref. 16789] Ceylon [Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean]. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1852.9.13.157. •Valid as Chaetodon xanthocephalus Bennett 1833 -- (Burgess 1978:602 [ref. 700], Allen 1980:161 [ref. 22764], Heemstra 1986:630 [ref. 5660], Blum 1989:13 [ref. 37553], Winterbottom et al. 1989:43 [ref. 13251], Fricke 1999:340 [ref. 24106], Allen & Adrim 2003:42 [ref. 26830], Smith et al. 2003:303 [ref. 27125], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S112 [ref. 27377], Fricke et al. 2009:73 [ref. 30213], Allen & Erdmann 2012:534 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:262 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2018:239 [ref. 35805], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:154 [ref. 40104], Psomadakis et al. 2020:512 [ref. 37272], Heemstra & Heemstra 2022:462 [ref. 39746], Allen & Erdmann 2024:567 [ref. 40796], Noushad K. et al. 2024:45 [ref. 40947]). Current status: Valid as Chaetodon xanthocephalus Bennett 1833. Chaetodontidae: Chaetodontinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa (Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia), Seychelles, Comoros, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Riodrigues) east to Thailand and western Sumatra (Indonesia). Habitat: marine.