orinoco, Pseudocetopsis plumbeus Schultz [L. P.] 1944:253, Pl. 5 (fig. A) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 94 (no. 3172); ref. 3959] Río Torbes, 1 kilometer above Táriba (7°59'N, 72°13'W), Río Orinoco system, Venezuela. Holotype: USNM 121263. Paratypes: MCZ 37237 [ex USNM 121264] (1), USNM 121264 (2, now 1). Type catalog: Ferraris & Vari 1992:16 [ref. 19771]. •Synonym of Hemicetopsis plumbeus Steindachner 1883, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Burgess 1989:292 [ref. 12860], Ferraris & Brown 1991:164 [ref. 16686]). •Valid as Pseudocetopsis orinoco Schultz 1944 -- (Vari & Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:259 [ref. 27061]). •Valid as Cetopsis orinoco (Schultz 1944) -- (Vari et al. 2005:181 [ref. 28270], de Pinna et al. 2007:804 [ref. 29247], Ferraris 2007:132 [ref. 29155], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:84 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:78 [ref. 35773], Abrahão & de Pinna 2018:117 [ref. 35957]). Current status: Valid as Cetopsis orinoco (Schultz 1944). Cetopsidae: Cetopsinae. Distribution: Orinoco River basin, Colombia and Venezuela and Caribbean Sea versant of northern Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.