gibbus, Rhaphiodon Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.] 1829:77, Pl. 27 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Lago Manacapuru, Amazonas State, Brazil. Neotype: MZUSP 6539. As Cynodon gibbus on plate; first reviser not researched. Neotype designated by Toledo-Piza 2000:63 [ref. 24268]. Case 3041 [ref. 24268] before the ICZN was settled in Opinion 2012 [ref. 31354], and gibbus was placed on the Official List with authorship as Spix & Agassiz •Valid as Rhaphiodon gibbus Spix & Agassiz 1829 -- (Taphorn 1992:436 [ref. 23654]). •See Planquette et al. 1996:212 [ref. 22818]. •Valid as Cynodon gibbus (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:27 [ref. 37559], Ortega & Vari 1986:10 [ref. 9708], Géry et al. 1999:71 [ref. 24114], Toledo-Piza 2000:57 [ref. 24268], ICZN 2002:224 [ref. 31354], Toledo-Piza in Reis et al. 2003:234 [ref. 27061] with original genus as Cynodon, Barriga Salazar 2014:109 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:66, 186 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35633], Silvano et al. 2020:114 [ref. 38133], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:15 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:16 [ref. 39235], Taphorn et al. 2022:23 [ref. 41297], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:456 [ref. 40760], Vieira et al. 2023:18 [ref. 40759], Limeira-Filho et al. 2024:5 [ref. 41573]). Current status: Valid as Cynodon gibbus (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Cynodontidae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins, and coastal rivers of Guyana and northern Brazil (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.