etheostoma, Characidium Cope [E. D.] 1872:259, Pls. 8 (fig. 2), 13 (fig. 3) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 23; ref. 921] Río Ambyiacu, Peru. Lectotype: ANSP 8152. Paralectotypes: ANSP 8153 (1, broken), 8157-62 (6) [8154-56 missing, 8163 discarded]. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:46 [ref. 13621] as holotype and paratypes. Lectotype selected by Fowler 1906:323, Fig. 17 [ref. 1373]. •Valid as Characidium etheostoma Cope 1872 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:7 [ref. 9708], Buckup 1993:101 [ref. 20831], Buckup in Reis et al. 2003:89 [ref. 27061], Peixoto & Wosiacki 2013:56 [ref. 32558], Barriga Salazar 2014:106 [ref. 35745], Leitão & Buckup 2014:21 [ref. 33323], Zanata & Ohara 2015:375 [ref. 33970], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:34 [ref. 35633], Flausino Junior et al. 2020:357 [ref. 37666], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:20 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Characidium etheostoma Cope 1872. Crenuchidae: Characidiinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.