aral, Rhynchobdella Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:479, Pl. 89 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Lectotype: ZMB 1420. Paralectotypes: ZMB 1419 (2). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:98 [ref. 24282]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1999:98 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Macrognathus aral (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Travers 1984:144 [ref. 5147], Roberts 1986:98 [ref. 5802], Pethiyagoda 1991:289 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1026 [ref. 20764], Sen 1995:596 [ref. 23778], Zacharias et al. 1996:41 [ref. 25526], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:159 [ref. 24759], Rema Devi et al. 1999:164 [ref. 24758], Menon 1999:301 [ref. 24904], Karmakar 2000:35 [ref. 25662], Arunkumar & Tombi Singh 2000:118 [ref. 25674], Mirza 2003:25 [ref. 27265], Shrestha 2008:210 [ref. 29923], Pethiyagoda et al. 2008:43 [ref. 30097], Britz 2010:306 [ref. 30685], Britz 2010:55 [ref. 30857], Kottelat 2013:311 [ref. 32989], Plamoottil & Abraham 2014:51 [ref. 33147], Plamoottil & Abraham 2014:104 [ref. 33317], Arunkumar 2016:2006 [ref. 35770], Dhanze et al. 2018:372 [ref. 37780], Suresh et al. 2018:170 [ref. 36495], Arunkumar 2020:46 [ref. 37761], Kosygin et al. 2022:670 [ref. 40736], Tudu et al. 2022:43 [ref. 40484]). Current status: Valid as Macrognathus aral (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Mastacembelidae. Distribution: South Asia and Southeast Asia: Pakistan, Bhutan and northeastern India to Malaysia and East Indies. Habitat: freshwater.