triostegus, Silurus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1090 [100] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Tigris River, near Mosul, Iraq. Syntypes: (4) NMW, SMF 2623 [ex NMW in 1844] (1, dry). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:380 [ref. 29155]. Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 13 (fig. 1) [ref. 2067]. On p. 100 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Probably a synonym of Silurus glanis Linnaeus 1758 -- (Coad 1991:19 [ref. 15702]). •Valid as Silurus triostegus Heckel 1843 -- (Kobayakawa 1989:174 [ref. 13476], Coad 1995:24 [ref. 23608] but possibly a synonym of S. glanis, Ünlü & Bozkurt 1996:315 [ref. 22595], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Coad & Holčík 2000:139 [ref. 25292], Ferraris 2007:380 [ref. 29155], Fricke et al. 2007:54 [ref. 29533], Coad 2010:216 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:373 [ref. 33391], Ünlü et al. 2012:119 [ref. 31827], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:890 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:149 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2018:54 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:254 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:212 [ref. 37983], Bayhan 2021:249 [ref. 40683], Jawad et al. 2021:89 [ref. 38208], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1407 [ref. 39565], Çiçek et al. 2023:26 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:420 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:35 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:279 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Silurus triostegus Heckel 1843. Siluridae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.