frenata, Cobitis Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1086 [96] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Tigris River, Mosul, Iraq. Syntypes: NMW 48552 (5), NRM 15477 (1). Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 12 (fig. 1) [ref. 2067]. On p. 96 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Valid as Nemacheilus frenatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1991:18 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:22 [ref. 23608], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869]). •Valid as Orthrias frenatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Nalbant & Bianco 1998:112 [ref. 23810], Fricke et al. 2007:52 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Barbatula frenata (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 2010:207 [ref. 36620]). •Valid as Oxynoemacheilus frenatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Prokofiev 2009:880 [ref. 30604], Esmaeili et al. 2010:372 [ref. 33391], Golzarianpour et al. 2011:205 [ref. 31693], Golzarianpour et al. 2011:205 [ref. 31693], Freyhof et al. 2012:307 [ref. 31752], Kottelat 2012:96 [ref. 32367], Kamangar et al. 2014:45 [ref. 33140], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:883 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:148 [ref. 35151], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:105 [ref. 34789], Freyhof 2016:94 [ref. 34815], Freyhof & Abdullah 2017:86 [ref. 35169], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2017:379 [ref. 35216], Esmaeili et al. 2017:65 [ref. 35254], Freyhof et al. 2017:559 [ref. 35290], Freyhof & Geiger 2017:259 [ref. 35343], Esmaeili et al. 2018:44 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:245 [ref. 37644], Sayyadzadeh & Esmaeili 2020:201 [ref. 37967], Çiçek et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:348 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:11 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:75 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Oxynoemacheilus frenatus (Heckel 1843). Nemacheilidae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris River basin and Lesser Zab drainage (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran). Habitat: freshwater.