gracilis, Pimelodus Valenciennes [A.] 1835:Pl. 2 (fig. 5) [Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale; ref. 20720] Corrientes, Río Paraná, Argentina. Syntypes: MNHN A-9284 (1), A-9285 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:60 [ref. 19575] with syntypes; technically the figured specimen is the holotype if it can be identified, Ferraris 2007:191 [ref. 29155]. Name available from plate, description in Valenciennes 1847:7 [ref. 5010]. Pl. 2 was published in 1835. See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:181 [ref. 1008]. •Valid as Pimelodella gracilis (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:14 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:280 [ref. 12860], Gómez & Chebez 1996:58 [ref. 23791], Sverlij et al. 1998:54 [ref. 27632] dated 1840, Britski et al. 1999:98 [ref. 24147], Casatti et al. 2001:5 [ref. 25929] as cf. gracilis, Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:418 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:62 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:137 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:83 [ref. 28131], Ferraris 2007:191 [ref. 29155], Ruíz Díaz et al. 2008:1 [ref. 31123], Barriga Salazar 2014:114 [ref. 35745] as cf. gracilis, Litz & Koerber 2014:20 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:191 [ref. 35004], Azpelicueta & Koerber 2015:40 [ref. 33654], Mirande & Koerber 2015:34 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:417 [ref. 34561], Nión et al. 2016:33 [ref. 35565] dated 1836, Koerber et al. 2017:51 [ref. 35267], Slobodian et al. 2017:95 [ref. 35643], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:91 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:78 [ref. 35773], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36506], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:6 [ref. 39606], Reis et al. 2020:466 [ref. 38364], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:24 [ref. 39298], Loureiro et al. 2023:128 [ref. 40506], Pierre & Slobodian 2024:14 [ref. 41002]). Current status: Valid as Pimelodella gracilis (Valenciennes 1835). Heptapteridae: Rhamdiinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Paraguay River basins (Argentina, Brazil, ?Ecuador, ?Colombia, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.