pectoralis, Callichthys Boulenger [G. A.] 1895:525 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1895 (pt 3); ref. 14576] Monte Sociedad, Chaco Dept., Paraguay. Lectotype: BMNH 1895.5.17.57. Paralectotypes: (several) BMNH 1895.5.17.58-61 (4). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:128 [ref. 29155]. Lectotype selected by Knaack 2006:54 [ref. 30731]. •Valid as Hoplosternum pectorale (Boulenger 1895) -- (Burgess 1989:364 [ref. 12860], de Oliveira & de Moraes Junior 1997:2 [ref. 23461], Britski et al. 1999:125 [ref. 24147]). •Valid as Lepthoplosternum pectorale (Boulenger 1895) -- (Reis 1997:316 [ref. 22747], Reis 1998:353 [ref. 23849], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:305 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:43 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:132 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:81 [ref. 28131], Reis & Kaefer 2005:724 [ref. 28481], Knaack 2006:49 [ref. 30731], Ferraris 2007:128 [ref. 29155], Zarucki et al. 2010:192 [ref. 34811], Litz & Koerber 2014:23 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:190 [ref. 35004], Mirande & Koerber 2015:39 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:416 [ref. 34561], Koerber et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35267], Reis et al. 2020:465 [ref. 38364], Loureiro et al. 2023:92 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Lepthoplosternum pectorale (Boulenger 1895). Callichthyidae: Callichthyinae. Distribution: South America: Paraguay River basin (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.