chaparae, Plecostomus Fowler [H. W.] 1940:81, Figs. 38-40 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 92; ref. 1436] Boca Chapare, Río Chimore, Cochabamba, Bolivia. Holotype (unique): ANSP 69067. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:122 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:226 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Hypostomus chaparae (Fowler 1940) -- (Isbrücker 1980:21 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:431 [ref. 12860], Armbruster & Page 1996:384 [ref. 22151], Burgess & Finley 1996:170 [ref. 22901]). •Synonym of Aphanotorulus popoi (Pearson 1924) -- (Isbrücker 2001:31 [ref. 25653], Isbrücker 2002:26 [ref. 27178]). •Synonym of Hypostomus unicolor (Steindachner 1908) -- (Armbruster 2004:79 [ref. 27644] top of page). •Synonym of Aphanotorulus unicolor (Steindachner 1908) -- (Armbruster 1998:254 [ref. 23319], Weber in Reis et al. 2003:352 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:226 [ref. 29155], Ray & Armbruster 2016:526 [ref. 34178]). Current status: Synonym of Aphanotorulus unicolor (Steindachner 1908). Loricariidae: Hypostominae. Habitat: freshwater.