spinosus, Hemilepidotus Ayres [W. O.] 1854:166 [The Pacific [newspaper] v. 3 and 4 (thru no. 6); ref. 157] San Francisco Bay, California, U.S.A. Possible syntypes: BMNH 1863.10.9.103-104 (2?) from Ayres. Originally as Hemilepidotus ? spinosus. Appeared first as above on 25 Aug.; also as Calycilepidotus spinosus in Ayres 1855:76 [ref. 159]. •Valid as Hemilepidotus spinosus Ayres 1854 -- (Peden 1979:18 [ref. 24080], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:171 [ref. 9277], Matarese et al. 1989:378 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:197 [ref. 14674], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:432 [ref. 25968], Tokranov et al. 2003:300 [ref. 26972], Nelson et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:87 [ref. 37547], Page et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32708], Pietsch & Orr 2015:40 [ref. 34694], Kells et al. 2016:174 [ref. 35888], Burton & Lea 2019:66 [ref. 37205], Love et al. 2021:130 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:188 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hemilepidotus spinosus Ayres 1854. Agonidae: Hemitripterinae. Distribution: Northeastern Pacific: Kachemak Bay, northern Gulf of Alaska (U.S.A.) south to southern California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.