thoracatus, Callichthys Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1840:309, Pl. 443 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 15; ref. 1008] Mana River, French Guiana. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-4266. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:65 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:129 [ref. 29155]. •Mention -- (Malabarba 1989:148 [ref. 14217]). •Valid as Hoplosternum thoracatum (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:37 [ref. 37559], Ortega & Vari 1986:16 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:364 [ref. 12860], de Oliveira & de Moraes Junior 1997:2 [ref. 23461], Galvis et al. 1997:78 [ref. 23651], Torelli et al. 1997:70 [ref. 24612]). •Valid as Megalechis thoracata (Valenciennes 1840) -- (Reis 1997:310 [ref. 22747], Román-Valencia et al. 1999:60 [ref. 24926], Le Bail et al. 2000:182 [ref. 24549], Lasso et al. 2001:98 [ref. 25928], Camargo & Isaac 2001:145 [ref. 27639], Reis in Reis et al. 2003:305 [ref. 27061], Reis et al. 2005:678 [ref. 28320], Ferraris 2007:129 [ref. 29155], Phillip et al. 2013:19 [ref. 32896], Barriga Salazar 2014:111 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:150, 190 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento 2016:531 [ref. 34727], Melo et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34701], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:72 [ref. 35633], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:47 [ref. 39235], Taphorn et al. 2022:45 [ref. 41297], Gurgel-Lourenço et al. 2023:75 [ref. 41056], Vieira et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40759], Limeira-Filho et al. 2024:7 [ref. 41573]). Current status: Valid as Megalechis thoracata (Valenciennes 1840). Callichthyidae: Callichthyinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon, Orinoco and Paraguay River basins, and coastal rivers of the Guianas and northern Brazil (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela). IUCN (2023): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.