typhle, Syngnathus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:336 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. Syntypes: LS 49 (1, left half-skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:42 [ref. 20705] but possible type is not same as species usually called typhle (see Kottelat 1997:168 [ref. 22952]). Spelled Syngnanthus typhele by Berkenhout 1789:63 [ref. 12437]. •Valid as Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:36 [ref. 39336], Berg 1949:980 [ref. 20662], Wheeler 1973:276 [ref. 7190], Dawson in Whitehead et al. 1986:638 [ref. 13676], Kottelat 1997:168 [ref. 22952], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:67 [ref. 26753], Falcón et al. 2003:145 [ref. 39343], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:184 [ref. 28183], Golani 2005:32 [ref. 37112], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:175 [ref. 28369], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:75 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:500 [ref. 29996], Vasil'eva 2007:76 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:169 [ref. 31251], Kuiter 2009:248 [ref. 30404], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:37 [ref. 36649], Parin et al. 2014:210 [ref. 33547], Fritzsche 2016:2239 [ref. 34608], Hamilton et al. 2016:Supplement 3 [ref. 35615], Oruç & Engin 2018:1 [ref. 35874], Artüz & Fricke 2019:555 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:178 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:95 [ref. 36864], Kovačić et al. 2020:23 [ref. 37519], Abliazov et al. 2021:9 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:66 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:35 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:38 [ref. 39014], Niță et al. 2022:146[ref. 40471], Ergüden & Ayas 2023:34 [ref. 40488]). Current status: Valid as Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus 1758. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.