leucofrenatus, Otocinclus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1908:[2] [Kosmos, Rio de Janeiro [Rev. Art. Sci. Litt.] v. 5 (no. 2) (for 1907); ref. 3715] Rio das Pedras of Rio Ribeira, Brazil. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:248 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Otocinclus leucofrenatus Miranda Ribeiro 1908 -- (Isbrücker 1980:83 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:438 [ref. 12860]). •In Microlepidogaster -- (Schaefer 1997:8 [ref. 23213]). •Valid as Hisonotus leucofrenatus (Miranda Ribeiro 1908) -- (Isbrücker 2001:28, 30 [ref. 25653], Aquino et al. 2001:9 [ref. 25673], Isbrücker 2002:17 [ref. 27178], Schaefer in Reis et al. 2003:323 [ref. 27061], Almirón & Azpelicueta 2006:93 [ref. 28713], Britski & Garavello 2007:414 [ref. 29429], Ferraris 2007:248 [ref. 29155], Chiachio et al. 2008:610 [ref. 30127], Garvalho & Reis 2011:18 [ref. 31240], Roxo et al. 2015:138 [ref. 33763], Zawadzki et al. 2016:380 [ref. 34367], Roxo et al. 2016:236 [ref. 34426], Bertaco et al. 2016:418 [ref. 34561], Calegari et al. 2017:243 [ref. 35203], Roxo et al. 2018:[12] [ref. 35900], Dias et al. 2018:583 [ref. 36235]). Current status: Valid as Hisonotus leucofrenatus (Miranda Ribeiro 1908). Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae. Distribution: Laguna dos Patos drainage, rio Tramandaí system and Brazilian Atlantic coastal drainages, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.