cephalacanthus, Otocinclus Miranda Ribeiro [A. de] 1911:93 [Arquivos do Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro v. 16; ref. 3716] Brazil. Holotype (unique): MNRJ 1050. Type catalog: Miranda Ribeiro 1955:400 [ref. 12732], Ferraris 2007:276 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Otocinclus cephalacanthus Miranda Ribeiro 1911 -- (Isbrücker 1980:82 [ref. 2303], Burgess 1989:438 [ref. 12860]). •In Otothyris -- (Schaefer 1997:8 [ref. 23213]). •Synonym of Otothyris lophophanes (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889) -- (Garavello et al. 1998:5 [ref. 23346], Isbrücker 2001:30 [ref. 25653], Isbrücker 2002:23 [ref. 27178], Schaefer in Reis et al. 2003:325 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:276 [ref. 29155]). Current status: Synonym of Otothyris lophophanes (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1889). Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae. Habitat: freshwater.