cataphracta, Loricaria Linnaeus [C.] 1758:307 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mouth of Marowijne River, near Galibi, 5°45'N, 54°00'W, Suriname [South America]. Lectotype: NRM 33. Paralectotype: ZMUC (1). Type catalog: Isbrücker 1972:163 et seq. [ref. 20708], Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:223-224 [ref. 20707], Nijssen et al. 1982:57 [ref. 19236]. Type information: Wheeler 1989:214 [ref. 21873] with a lectotype (ZMUC 27). Neotype (ZMA 109616) designated by Isbrücker 1972:172-175 [ref. 20708] for the species sensu stricto (not including L. cataphracta beta), but that became invalid when syntypes were found. •Valid as Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus 1758 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:38 [ref. 37559], Isbrücker 1972 [ref. 20708], Isbrücker 1980:116 [ref. 2303], Isbrücker 1981:58 [ref. 5522], Ortega & Vari 1986:17 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:443 [ref. 12860], Britski et al. 1998:132 [ref. 24147], Le Bail et al. 2000:280 [ref. 24549], Isbrücker 2001:29 [ref. 25653], Schmidt 2001:235 [ref. 25646], Lasso et al. 2001:99 [ref. 25928], Isbrücker 2002:21 [ref. 27178], Ferraris 2003:865 [ref. 26999], Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:337 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:112 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:191 [ref. 35004], Melo et al. 2016:134 [ref. 34701], Marceniuk et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35324], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:78 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:74 [ref. 35773], Silvano et al. 2020:259 [ref. 38135], Saraiva et al. 2021:432 [ref. 38090], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:26 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:49 [ref. 39235], Provenzano-Rizzi et al. in Lasso & Morales-Betancourt 2022:190 [ref. 40783], Londoño-Burbano et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40487], Vieira et al. 2023:21 [ref. 40759] as cf. cataphracta). Current status: Valid as Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus 1758. Loricariidae: Loricariinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin and coastal rivers in the Guianas (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru and Suriname). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.