typus, Helicophagus Bleeker [P.] 1857:46 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 3 (art. 9); ref. 359] Mussi River, Palembang, Sumatra. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.12.4.118. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:325 [ref. 29155]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:157 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Helicophagus typus Bleeker 1857 -- (Burgess 1989:105 [ref. 12860], Roberts & Vidthayanon 1991:139 [ref. 19239], Kottelat et al. 1993:72 [ref. 23448], Musikasinthorn et al. 1998:197 [ref. 23881], Roberts 1999:110 [ref. 24422], Tan & Ng 1999:287 [ref. 24254], Ng & Kottelat 2000:55 [ref. 24933], Pouyaud & Teugels 2000:197 [ref. 25066], Gustiano 2003:39 [ref. 31337], Ferraris 2007:325 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:253 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Helicophagus typus Bleeker 1857. Pangasiidae. Distribution: Sumatra and Borneo. Habitat: freshwater.