anguilla, Muraena Linnaeus [C.] 1758:245 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe, Mediterranean Sea, Baltic Sea, northeastern Atlantic [original: "in Europa; maxima in lacu Cornachio Ferrariensi"]; localities include Sweden; England; Belgium; Germany; Poland; France; Ferrara and Rome, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria. No types known. Originally spelled angvilla, also angvilla in Linnaeus 1766:426 [ref. 2786]. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:19 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Originally based on at least 34 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:24 [ref. 30578], Artedi 1738:66 [ref. 30529] and Artedi 1738:39 [ref. 30349] as Muræna unicolor, maxilla inferiore longiore; Wootton 1552:148 [ref. 30584] as Anguilla, Rondelet 1555:198 [ref. 30378] as Anguilla, Salviani 1558:65, Pls. (p. 64, 66) [ref. 30229] as Anguilla, Charleton 1668:153 [ref. 30580] as Anguilla, Willughby 1686:109 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:37 [ref. 30231] as Anguilla. •Valid as Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Ege 1939:90 [ref. 13172], Berg 1949:938 [ref. 20662], Blache et al. 1973:220 [ref. 7185], Dor 1984:26 [ref. 29757], Castle 1984:34 [ref. 6171], Bauchot in Whitehead et al. 1986:535 [ref. 13676], Okamura & Machida 1987:111 [ref. 22279], Lelek 1987:63 [ref. 22962], Scott & Scott 1988:79 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:46 [ref. 14674], Smith 1989:899 [ref. 13285], Smith 1990:151 [ref. 13454], Tesch 1991:389 [ref. 24843], Lévèque et al. 1991:133 [ref. 31367], Poll & Gosse 1995:83 [ref. 24781], Goren & Dor 1994:6 [ref. 25356], Coad 1995:7 [ref. 23608], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:183 [ref. 23079], Aoyama et al. 1996:374 [ref. 24707], Chereshnev 1996:599 [ref. 24659], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Tagliavini et al. 1996:271 [ref. 25516], Bianco et al. 1996:55 [ref. 26724], Kottelat 1997:34 [ref. 22952], Santos et al. 1997:18 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:54 [ref. 24952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702], Bianco 1997:612 [ref. 26725], Reshetnikov 1998:54 [ref. 23570], Scott & Crossman 1998:624 [ref. 24570], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:128 [ref. 25013], Fricke 1999:18 [ref. 24101], Fuller et al. 1999:36 [ref. 25838], Azeroual et al. 2000:20 [ref. 25366], Huang et al. 2001:42 [ref. 25846], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:30 [ref. 26753], Dekker 2003:787 [ref. 27171], Hanel 2003:48 [ref. 27894], Seegers et al. 2003:30 [ref. 28087], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:28 [ref. 28183], Golani 2005:16 [ref. 37112], Hanel & Lusk 2005:182 [ref. 28804], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:174 [ref. 28369], Watanabe et al. 2005:677 [ref. 39169], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:22 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:61 [ref. 29996], Vasil'eva 2007:41 [ref. 30517], Fricke 2008:14 [ref. 30182], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:164 [ref. 31251], Teng et al. 2009:817 [ref. 30569], Esmaeili et al. 2010:366 [ref. 33391], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:58 [ref. 35264], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:17 [ref. 36649], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:117 [ref. 31212], Page & Burr 2011:146 [ref. 31215], Khalaf 2013:4 [ref. 37897], Parin et al. 2014:47 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:859 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:38 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:143 [ref. 35151], Smith 2016:1605 [ref. 34556], Neumann et al. 2016:303 [ref. 35036], Esmaeili et al. 2017:27 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36089], Martins & Carneiro 2018:23 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:553 [ref. 36612], Ćaleta et al. 2019:145 [ref. 37026], Carneiro et al. 2019:69 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:92 [ref. 36864], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Bariche & Fricke 2020:31 [ref. 37515], Bayçelebi 2020:751 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:243 [ref. 37644], Dyldin et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37569], Freyhof et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37614], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:20 [ref. 37983], Kovačić et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37519], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[4] [ref. 37535], Abliazov et al. 2021:8 [ref. 38576], Baikeche et al. 2021:959 [ref. 39080], Bañón & Maño 2021:50 [ref. 38883], Golani 2021:13 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:19 [ref. 39014], Dyldin et al. 2022:[13] [ref. 39193], Kuroki et al. 2022:177 [ref. 39912], Çiçek et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:330 [ref. 40625], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2023:30 [ref. 40667], Nagy et al. 2023:356 [ref. 40348], Saad et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40501], Shumka et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40747], Çiçek et al. 2024:33 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus 1758). Anguillidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: larvae in Sargasso Sea and Gulf Stream; eastern Atlantic, Baltic Sea, North Sea, White Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea: European seas and adjacent watersheds, spawning and larval migration routes to and from the western Atlantic. Introduced in the Caspian Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.