gulare, Hypoptopoma Cope [E. D.] 1878:679 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 17 (no. 101); ref. 945] Loreto, Río Marañón, Peruvian Amazon, Peru. Holotype (unique): ANSP 21477. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:122 [ref. 13621], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Hypoptopoma gulare Cope 1878 -- (Isbrücker 1980:88 [ref. 2303], Ortega & Vari 1986:17 [ref. 9708], Burgess 1989:439 [ref. 12860], Isbrücker 2001:28 [ref. 25653], Aquino & Schaefer 2002:386 [ref. 26022], Isbrücker 2002:18 [ref. 27178], Schaefer in Reis et al. 2003:323 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:250 [ref. 29155], Chiachio et al. 2008:610 [ref. 30127], Aquino & Schaefer 2010:83 [ref. 30875], Barriga Salazar 2014:112 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:162, 191 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento 2016:539 [ref. 34727], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:76 [ref. 35633], Delapieve et al. 2018:22 [ref. 35713], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2023:5 [ref. 40665]). Current status: Valid as Hypoptopoma gulare Cope 1878. Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.