costai, Cynolebias Lazara [K. J.] 1991:144, Figs. 3, 5 [Journal of the American Killifish Association v. 23 (no. 5); ref. 20508] Temporary pool, Aruanã, Goiás State, Brazil [14°57'05"S, 51°01'23.7"W, elevation 243 meters]. Holotype: MZUSP 38790. Paratypes: AMNH 59190 (4), 59198 (2, c&s); MZUSP 38791 (1), 38792-93 (2). Mentioned earlier by Baker 1990:10 [ref. 36052] as Cynolebias costae, but without differential diagnosis (ICZN Art. 13.1.1), so the name is unavailable from that publication. •Valid as Cynolebias costai Lazara 1991 -- (Costa 1995:61 [ref. 22097]). •Valid as Simpsonichthys costai (Lazara 1991) -- (Costa 1996:130 [ref. 25271], Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Costa & Le Bail 1999:1028 [ref. 24187], Lazara 2001:296 [ref. 25711], Costa et al. 2003:144 [ref. 26946], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:541 [ref. 27061], Costa and Nielsen 2003:122 [ref. 27246], Costa 2007:46 [ref. 29445], Costa & Brasil 2008:245 [ref. 29968]). •Valid of Spectrolebias costai (Lozara 1991) -- (Nielsen 2013:81 [ref. 32696], Nielsen & Brousseau 2013:116 [ref. 32794], Costa & Amorim 2018:365 [ref. 36019] as costae, Loureiro et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36240]). Current status: Valid as Spectrolebias costai (Lazara 1991). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: Araguaia and Tocantins River basins, central Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.